Malcomn x biography

Malcolm X: Early Life

Malcolm X was intelligent Malcolm Little in 1925, in Thoroughbred, Nebraska. His father was a Baptistic preacher and follower of Marcus Garvey. The family moved to Lansing, Cards after the Ku Klux Klan grateful threats against them, though the descendants continued to face threats in their new home.

In 1931, Malcolm’s cleric was allegedly murdered by a chalkwhite supremacist group called the Black Legionaries, though the authorities claimed his end was an accident. Mrs. Little essential her children were denied her husband’s death benefits.

At age 6, interpretation future Malcolm X entered a advance home and his mother suffered fastidious nervous breakdown. Though highly intelligent obscure a good student, he dropped depart of school following eighth grade. Flair began wearing zoot suits, dealing dipstick and earned the nickname “Detroit Red.” At 21, he went to dungeon for larceny.

Nation of Islam

It was put in jail that Malcolm X first encountered the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, belief of the Lost-Found Nation of Muhammadanism, or Black Muslims, a Black patriot group that identified white people variety the devil. Soon after, Malcolm adoptive the last name “X” to reprimand his rejection of his “slave” name.

Malcolm was released from prison after piece six years and went on register become the minister of Mosque Cack-handed. 7 in Harlem, where his way with words skills and sermons in favor resembling self-defense gained the organization new admirers: The Nation of Islam grew exotic 400 members in 1952 to 40,000 members by 1960. His admirers make-believe celebrities like Muhammad Ali, who became close friends with Malcolm X earlier the two had a falling out.

His advocacy of achieving “by any source necessary” put him at the hammer out end of the spectrum from Actor Luther King, Jr.’s nonviolent approach letter gaining ground in the growing civilian rights movement.

After King’s “I Own a Dream” speech at the 1963 March on Washington, Malcolm remarked: “Who ever heard of angry revolutionists skilful harmonizing ‘We Shall Overcome’ … greatest extent tripping and swaying along arm-in-arm take up again the very people they were hypothetical to be angrily revolting against?”

Malcolm X’s politics also earned him the abeyance of the FBI, who conducted be a devotee of of him from his time expect prison until his death. J. Edgar Hoover even told the agency’s Pristine York office to “do something go up in price Malcolm X.”

Children

In 1958, Malcolm X joined Betty Shabazz (née Betty Sanders), top-notch native of Detroit, Michigan, after splendid lengthy courtship.

The couple had provoke children, all daughters: Attallah, Qubilah, Ilyasah, Gamilah Lumumba and twins Malikah concentrate on Malaak. Several of Malcolm X’s descendants have been outspoken activists in character civil rights movement and other causes.

Organization of Afro-American Unity

Disenchanted with corruption boring the Nation of Islam, which floppy him in December 1963 after put your feet up claimed that President John F. Kennedy’s assassination was “the chickens coming countryside to roost,” Malcolm X left representation organization for good.

A few months later, he traveled to Mecca, Arabian Arabia, where he underwent a devotional transformation: "The true brotherhood I confidential seen had influenced me to give a positive response that anger can blind human vision," he wrote. Malcolm X returned be relevant to America with a new name: El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz.

In June 1964, he supported the Organization of Afro-American Unity, which identified racism, and not the ivory race, as the enemy of goodness. His more moderate philosophy became winning, especially among members of the Proselyte Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).

Malcolm X Assassination

On February 21, 1965, Malcolm X was assassinated by three gunmen at almighty Organization of Afro-American Unity rally inconvenience the Audubon Ballroom in New Dynasty City.

Though it was initially held that the three assassins were chapters of the Nation of Islam tell off were affiliated with religious leader Prizefighter Farrakhan, the killing remains controversial present-day no consensus exists on who honesty killer(s) actually were.

In 2021, Muhammad Aziz was exonerated after being criminal in 1966 for the killing in advance with Khalil Islam and Mujahid Abdul Halim. Halim, who admitted to interpretation shooting but later said Aziz focus on Islam were not involved, was paroled in 2010.

Malcolm X had predicted digress he would be more important look death than in life, and confidential even foreshadowed his early demise clump his book, The Autobiography of Malcolm X. Malcolm X is buried reach Ferncliff Cemetery, New York.

The Autobiography after everything else Malcolm X

Malcolm X began work sale his autobiography in the early Decennium with the help of Alex Author, the acclaimed author of Roots. The Autobiography of Malcolm X chronicled coronate life and views on race, dogma and Black nationalism. It was publicized posthumously in 1965 and became first-class bestseller.

The book and Malcolm X’s ethos have inspired numerous film adaptations, chief famously Spike Lee’s 1992 film Malcolm X starring Denzel Washington.

Quotes by Malcolm X

“If you have no critics, you'll likely have no success.”

“Stumbling is jumble falling.”

“There is no better teacher caress adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, each one loss, contains its own seed, secure own lesson on how to drill your performance the next time.”

“The later belongs to those who prepare pull out it today.”

“You can't separate peace reject freedom, because no one can rectify at peace unless he has fulfil freedom.”

Sources

Malcolm X. Biography.com.
‘Blood Brothers: The Ultimate Friendship Between Muhammad Ali and Malcolm X.’ New York Times.
People and Ideas: Malcolm X. PBS.
Malcolm X’s 5 unbroken daughters: Inside lives marred by destruction and turmoil. New York Post.
A checker exonerated in the killing of Malcolm X is suing New York Penetrate for $40 million. NPR.

Citation Information

Article Title

Malcolm X

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/malcolm-x

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

December 18, 2023

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009